1. The Earth's air, or __________, is about ___km (or ___mi.) thick. (1 km = .62 mi) It is __%___________, __%___________, . 0. 9% ___________ and very small amounts of ____________________________________________________________
2. The Oceans or _____________ are/is about ___ km (___mi.) thick and composed of water containing about ____%____ and smaller amounts of ____________________________________________________________________________________
2. The Crust is about __ km or __mi. Thick and made mostly of __________ (compounds formed of metals, _______ and _____)
The metals include ___, ___, ___, ___, ___ and ___ and others. Crust also contains ______, ____ and natural ____, as well as _________ such as ______, ________such as ______, and ________such as__________ .
4. The mantle is made of _________ of ____ and ____, and the core is made of _______ and ________.
2. Man obtains the majority of chemical resources from the ______ of the Earth.
3. p122 All changes we observe in matter can be interpreted as______________________________________________
4. To write a balanced equation, first write the reactant _______ to the ____ of the arrow and the product _______ to the _____.
5. Do an atom inventory, then place appropriate ____________ before chemical _________. Select ___________ so the _____ of each _______ become balanced (as shown by the atom __________).
6. Write out the equation for "Methane plus chlorine gas react to yield chloroform plus hydrogen chloride" (p.123) Balance it and verify this with an inventory.
10. Interpret your balanced equation from #9 in words. Use molecules, as there are no pure elements (atoms) or salts (formula units)
11. There are ____ items in a pair, _____ in a dozen and ______________________________________________ in a mole!!!
2. In scientific notation, Avogadro's Number is written as: ______________ (much easier, no?)
3. Furthermore, the atomic masses of elements can be used to find the _____ of one _____ of any substance - a value known as the substance's __________ _______ ! (very important!)
4. One mole of Carbon equals ______ g Carbon; 1 mol Cu = _____ g Cu; 1 mole O = ___ g O (oxygen atoms);
1 mol CuO = mass of one mole of Cu plus mass of one mole of O = ______g + ______g = _______g
15. The molar mass of O2 molecules is ____ g x 2 =_______g; the molar mass of CO2 equals _______
2. C.4 Remember, nature conserves ________, but not necessarily ____________!!!
The 4 R's include 1._____________ our personal and societal ________ and ___________ involving _________ use, 2._________, which means finding ______________________________________________, to refurbish or repair for 3._________and to 4._________, which means to gather and collect ___________________________________________
17. C.5 Packaging materials constitute about ________ of all solid waste in the U.S. by _______ and nearly a ______ by _____.
2. p131 Among the elements, Copper is among the most _________ and widely-used ________ in modern society. It has the second highest _________ __________ (______ is first!) Its low cost, _______ resistance and good ductility has made Cu the most common wiring material. Cu resources are _____ but ________ spread across the world. It is found mostly in the USA, _______, ______, ______ and ________.
3. Whether we can earn a profit from mining a metal ore depends on 1. The metal's ______-_______ status, 2. The type of _______ and ___________ needed to get it, 3. The _______ of ________ ____ at the site and 4. The ________ of metal in the ore ( Rich vs. Poor Ore)
4. Copper comes from copper ores including sulfides such as ____________, ____, oxides such as _________, ____ and carbonates such as ________________, _____________(formula)
5. The property of _________________makes Cu good for pots and pans, and ________________________ makes it good for coins. It is used in making shell casings for bullets because of its property of _______________________________.
6. To find the percent copper by mass (percentage composition) in chalcopyrite, divide the ______________ by the __________
_____ and multiply by ______ ( using the numbers, ________/_________ x _________ = _______% Cu )
23. _____ and ________, found as __________ elements, were probably the first _______ used by humans. Cu has been used for probably ________ years, and bronze was invented about _______ years ago. The iron age started about _______years ago.
2. The left to right trend in metal reactivity across a period shows reactivity generally ___________ as we go from left to right.
3. According to table 7, _________, __________ and ___________ are among the more reactive elements which under go reduction by ____________, the passing of _________ __________ through molten ________.
4. Metals of medium activity such as iron, ________ and _____ can be obtained by heating with ______( a form of the element ________ (not the drug!)) or ________ ________ (CO)
5. Low activity metals such as ________, __________, ___________, __________, and ________ occur freely as elements in nature or are easily reduced to metal by __________ in air (___________).
6. Converting a combined metal (ion) into a free metal is called __________. Any process in which __________ are gained by a species is called "____________". Write the Chem. Equation for the reduction of copper(II) ion to metallic Cu
29. The reverse process, in which ________ are lost, is called ______________. Explain "LEO goes GER"
Questions? Comments??